Hyperkeratosis
Hyperkeratosis (Greek: hyperkeratosis) is the excessive thickening of the outer layer of the skin (stratum corneum). It most commonly occurs on the soles of the feet and the palms of the hands. Hyperkeratosis usually appears in two forms: calluses (thickened skin areas) and corns.
An excessively thickened stratum corneum and corns develop in areas where the skin is exposed to increased pressure and other irritations. These may include friction (which also produces heat and therefore acts as a double irritant), physical injuries, and exposure to acids, alkalis, cold, or heat.
Increased formation of the stratum corneum is actually a protective mechanism of the body.
When the skin is exposed to irritation, blood circulation in the affected area first increases in order to remove excess heat and damaged tissue. Due to increased blood supply in the deeper skin layers, the cells in the growth layer of the skin begin to divide more rapidly.
As a result, the thickened stratum corneum forms to protect the damaged area. This process leads to the development of calluses and corns, especially on the soles of the feet, under the toes, and on the heels.
Calluses and thickened skin are not limited to the soles of the feet. They may appear anywhere the skin is subjected to excessive pressure, for example on the palms of manual workers.
Problems caused by hyperkeratosis
Excessive keratinization can lead to several uncomfortable conditions, such as:
- Skin fissures (cracks)
- Corns
Both conditions can often be painful and uncomfortable.
Prevention and treatment
Preventive care can be performed at home and includes:
- Daily washing of the feet
- Using a pumice stone to gently remove thickened skin
- Using special foot baths, creams, lotions, and balms
If hyperkeratosis worsens, it is recommended to visit a specialist regularly for professional hardware pedicure procedures.
At our clinic, specialists provide fast and effective treatment of calluses and corns, as well as a high-quality full medical hardware pedicure.